Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138
Deprecated: Non-static method JModuleHelper::getLayoutPath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/mod_mainmenu.php on line 42
Deprecated: Non-static method modMainMenuHelper::render() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/tmpl/default.php on line 82
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 172
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getUser() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 173
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getSession() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line 163
Strict Standards: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 213
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
Home |
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
Surgical Procedures |
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
Non Operative Care |
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
Anatomy |
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
Keyword Index |
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
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Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
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Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
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Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
Interactive Spine |
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
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Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line 45
Strict Standards: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/modules/mod_mainmenu/legacy.php on line 107
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line 41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 674
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 675
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 394
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /home1/orthospi/public_html/includes/router.php on line 109
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Dr. Frank Schwab being interviewed by FOX Health |
Spinal surgery has undergone a significant technological evolution over the past decade. In addition to new spinal fusion devices and spinal instrumentation, the surgical techniques of spinal surgery have been transformed. In recent years, developments in video and minimally invasive surgical instruments have spurred a variety of endoscopic surgical procedures. These procedures have identical goals to traditional surgery but make use of an endoscope (like a telescope which permits peering into the body through a small incision) thereby minimizing the size of skin and muscle incisions.
Although endoscopic surgery has been applied in general surgical procedures for several years, this technique has only recently been applied to the treatment of spinal disorders. A number of leading teams have pursued research into endoscopic spinal surgery in order to bring this technique into the clinical arena. Through collaboration with other medical specialties and extensive laboratory work, the safety and efficacy of thoracoscopic spinal surgery (endoscopic surgery on the thoracic spine) has been established.
We are now at the point where endoscopic techniques for spinal surgery are applied in the operating room with remarkable success. Some of the first cases have involved adolescents with scoliosis. In difficult cases of scoliosis the spinal column is deformed and rigid. In order to obtain a correction of these deformities a surgery to the front and the back of the spinal column is necessary. Traditional surgery requires a large incision (6 to 10 inches) in the chest area and removal of one or more ribs in order to gain access to the front of the spine. Thoracoscopic surgery involves making several small (1 inch) incisions and using the endoscope to visualize the spine on a TV monitor. Specialized instruments are then used to carefully operate on the spine through the small incisions.
With traditional open front and back spinal surgery patients with rigid deformities would spend about I week in the hospital. Applying new endoscopic techniques a reduction in hospital stay and greater patient satisfaction can be seen. There is less pain in the recovery period and much smaller scars from the surgical incisions. As the experience and research evolves with endoscopic surgery, an increasing number of patients will benefit from these less aggressive techniques which leave small scars, decrease operative blood loss, and permit a rapid post-operative recovery. Aside from surgery for scoliosis, the endoscopic techniques can be applied in the treatment of kyphosis, infection and tumors.
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